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Innovative new production systems for low-chill stonefruit in Australia and South-East Asia: a review

Nissen, R.J., George, A.P., Waite, G., Lloyd, A. and Hamacek, E. (2005) Innovative new production systems for low-chill stonefruit in Australia and South-East Asia: a review. In: International symposium on harnessing the potential of horticulture in the Asian-Pacific Region. International Society for Horticultural Science .

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Abstract

Fruit size and quality are major problems in early-season stonefruit cultivars grown in Australia and South-East Asia. In Australia, Thailand and Vietnam, new training and trellising systems are being developed to improve yield and fruit quality. Australian trials found that new training systems, such as the Open Tatura system, are more productive compared with standard vase-trained trees. We established new crop-loading indices for low-chill stonefruit to provide a guide for optimum fruit thinning based on fruit number per canopy surface and butt cross sectional area. Best management practices were developed for low-chill stonefruit cultivation using growth retardants, optimizing leaf nitrogen concentrations and controlling rates and timing of irrigation. Regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) improved fruit sugar concentrations by restricting water application during stage II of fruit growth. New pest and disease control measures are also being developed using a new generation of fruit fly baits. Soft insecticides such as (Spinosad) are used at significantly lower concentrations and have lower mammalian toxicity than the organophosphates currently registered in Australia. In addition, fruit fly exclusion netting effectively eliminated fruit fly and many other insect pests from the orchard with no increase in diseases. This netting system increased sugar concentrations of peach and nectarine by as much as 30%. Economic analyses showed that the break-even point can be reduced from 12 to 6 years Open Tatura trellising and exclusion netting.

Item Type:Book Section
Business groups:Horticulture and Forestry Science
Keywords:baits; chemical control; crop production; crop quality; crop yield; economic analysis; fruits; insect control; insect pests; irrigation; nectarines; netting; peaches; pest control; plant disease control; plant diseases; plant growth regulators; plant pests; plant training; reviews; stone fruits; sugar content; thinning; trapping; insects; Prunus persica; Australia; South East Asia; Thailand; Vietnam; spinosad; watering; plant growth substances; plant hormones; Australasia; Oceania; Developed Countries; Commonwealth of Nations; OECD Countries; Prunus; Rosaceae; Rosales; dicotyledons; angiosperms; Spermatophyta; plants; Asia; South East Asia; Developing Countries; ASEAN Countries; Indochina; arthropods; invertebrates; animals
Subjects:Agriculture > Agriculture (General)
Plant culture > Fruit and fruit culture
Plant pests and diseases
Science > Entomology
Live Archive:19 Apr 2013 03:45
Last Modified:03 Sep 2021 16:49

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