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Geographic and Phenotypic Variation in Heartwood and Essential-Oil Characters in Natural Populations of Santalum austrocaledonicum in Vanuatu.

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Page, T., Southwell, I., Russell, M., Tate, H., Tungon, J., Sam, C., Dickinson, G. R., Robson, K. and Leakey, R.R.B. (2010) Geographic and Phenotypic Variation in Heartwood and Essential-Oil Characters in Natural Populations of Santalum austrocaledonicum in Vanuatu. Chemistry and Biodiversity, 7 (8). pp. 1990-2006.

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Article Link: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbdv.200900382

Publisher URL: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/

Abstract

Phenotypic variation in heartwood and essential-oil characters of Santalum austrocaledonicum was assessed across eleven populations on seven islands of Vanuatu Trees differed significantly in their percentage heartwood cross-sectional area and this varied independently of stem diameter The concentrations of the four major essential-oil constituents (alpha-santalol, beta-santalol. (Z)-beta-curcumen-12-ol, and cis-nuciferol) of alcohol-extracted heartwood exhibited at least tenfold and continuous tree-to-tree variation Commercially important components alpha- and beta-santalol found in individual trees ranged from 0 8-47% and 0-24 1%, respectively, across all populations, and significant (P < 0 05) differences for each were found between Individual populations. The Erromango population was unique in that the mean concentrations of its monocyclic ((Z)-beta-curcumen-12-ol and cis-nuciferol) sesquiterpenes exceeded those of Its bi- and tricyclic (alpha- and beta-santalol) sesquiterpenes Heartwood colour varied between trees and spanned 65 colour categories, but no identifiable relationships were found between heartwood colour and alpha- and beta-santalol, although a weak relationship was evident between colour saturation and total oil concentration These results indicate that the heartwood colour is not a reliable predictive trait for oil quality The results of this study highlight the knowledge gaps in fundamental understanding of heartwood biology in Santalum genus The intraspecific variation in heartwood cross-sectional area. oil concentration. and oil quality traits is of considerable importance to the domestication of sandalwood and present opportunities for the development of highly superior S austrocaledonicum cultivars that conform to the industry's International Standards used for S album.

Item Type:Article
Business groups:Horticulture and Forestry Science
Additional Information:© Verlag Helvetica Chimica Acta AG, Zürich
Keywords:Birrea subsp caffra; to-tree variation; Irvingia-gabonensis; domestication; Namibia; sapwood; fruits; santalaceae; sandalwood; santalum austrocaledonicum; santalol; (Z)-β-Curcumen-12-ol; cis-Nuciferol; essential oils; phenotypic variation; phytochemical variation.
Subjects:Forestry > Special aspects of forestry
Science > Botany > Plant ecology
Live Archive:09 Nov 2010 07:10
Last Modified:02 Nov 2022 00:31

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