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Understanding the Adhesion Performance of Glued Laminated Timber Manufactured with Australian Softwood and High-Density Hardwood Species

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Faircloth, A., Gilbert, B. P., Kumar, C., Leggate, W. and McGavin, R. L. (2024) Understanding the Adhesion Performance of Glued Laminated Timber Manufactured with Australian Softwood and High-Density Hardwood Species. Research Square .

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Article Link: https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4494360/v1

Article URL: http://era.daf.qld.gov.au/id/eprint/14034/

Abstract

To be commercialised, glued laminated timber must typically conform to a strict bond integrity assessment. While the associated testing protocols vary slightly from country to country, the general method consists of a series of swelling (water immersion) and shrinkage (drying) cycles. The approach is independent of the species and adhesive type. Those cycles strain the gluelines to a level depending on the species’ moisture uptake, timber dimensional movement and modulus of elasticity, as well as adhesive layer elasticity. High density and high modulus of elasticity materials frequently fail within the glueline regions rather than within the timber and therefore fail the bond integrity assessment. To better understand the mechanisms that lead to glueline failure, glulam samples were manufactured using three prominent Australian commercial timbers of various densities (Radiata pine – Pinus radiata, Southern pine – Pinus caribaea/Pinus elliottii, and Spotted gum – Corymbia citriodora) and two structural adhesive types (resorcinol formaldehyde and polyurethane). Using advanced measurement techniques (digital image correlation and strain gauges), the response of the different species and adhesive types to moisture swelling and shrinkage, as well as times at which glueline separation occurs, were captured. A relationship was observed between moisture uptake and delamination percentages with spotted gum producing significantly higher levels of delamination and significantly lower moisture uptake values, compared to both radiata pine and southern. While the polyurethane glued samples on average produced higher levels of delamination, the digital image correlation data indicates that the time at which this delamination occurs is later than the samples glued with resorcinol formaldehyde. No relationship exists between the block shear strength, wood fibre amounts, and delamination percentages.

Item Type:Article
Corporate Creators:Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Queensland
Business groups:Horticulture and Forestry Science
Additional Information:Peer reviewed Open Access version at https://doi.org/10.1007/s00468-024-02555-0 and http://era.daf.qld.gov.au/id/eprint/14034/
Keywords:Digital image correlation, strain, glued laminated timber, moisture content, delamination.
Subjects:Forestry > Research. Experimentation
Forestry > Forestry machinery and engineering
Forestry > Exploitation and utilization
Live Archive:17 Jun 2024 03:29
Last Modified:08 Oct 2024 03:51

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