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Seascape Genomics and Phylogeography of the Sailfish (Istiophorus platypterus)

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Ferrette, B. L. d. S., Coimbra, R. T. F., Winter, S., De Jong, M. J., Williams, S. M., Coelho, R., Rosa, D., Rotundo, M. M., Arocha, F., Mourato, B. L., Mendonça, F. F. and Janke, A. (2023) Seascape Genomics and Phylogeography of the Sailfish (Istiophorus platypterus). Genome Biology and Evolution, 15 (4). ISSN 1759-6653

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Article Link: https://doi.org/10.1093/gbe/evad042

Publisher URL: https://academic.oup.com/gbe/article/15/4/evad042/7076389

Abstract

Permeable phylogeographic barriers characterize the vast open ocean, boosting gene flow and counteracting population differentiation and speciation of widely distributed and migratory species. However, many widely distributed species consists of distinct populations throughout their distribution, evidencing that our understanding of how the marine environment triggers population and species divergence are insufficient. The sailfish is a circumtropical and highly migratory billfish that inhabits warm and productive areas. Despite its ecological and socioeconomic importance as a predator and fishery resource, the species is threatened by overfishing, requiring innovative approaches to improve their management and conservation status. Thus, we presented a novel high-quality reference genome for the species and applied a seascape genomics approach to understand how marine environmental features may promote local adaptation and how it affects gene flow between populations. We delimit two populations between the Atlantic and Indo-Western Pacific oceans and detect outlier loci correlated with sea surface temperature, salinity, oxygen, and chlorophyll concentrations. However, the most significant explanatory factor that explains the differences between populations was isolation by distance. Despite recent population drops, the sailfish populations are not inbred. For billfishes in general, genome-wide heterozygosity was found to be relatively low compared to other marine fishes, evidencing the need to counteract overfishing effects. In addition, in a climate change scenario, management agencies must implement state-of-the-art sequencing methods, consider our findings in their management plans, and monitor genome-wide heterozygosity over time to improve sustainable fisheries and the long-term viability of its populations.

Item Type:Article
Corporate Creators:Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Queensland
Business groups:Animal Science
Keywords:reference genome assembly, whole-genome sequencing, genome-wide heterozygosity, demographic history, fisheries management units
Subjects:Science > Biology > Genetics
Aquaculture and Fisheries > Fisheries > Fishery conservation
Aquaculture and Fisheries > Fisheries > Fishery research
Live Archive:04 Jan 2024 04:14
Last Modified:04 Jan 2024 04:14

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