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The potential for bluetongue virus serotype 16 to cause disease in sheep in New South Wales, Australia

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Gestier, S., Finlaison, D. S., Parrish, K. and Kirkland, P. D. (2023) The potential for bluetongue virus serotype 16 to cause disease in sheep in New South Wales, Australia. Australian Veterinary Journal, 101 (12). pp. 510-521. ISSN 0005-0423

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Article Link: https://doi.org/10.1111/avj.13288

Abstract

BLUETONGUE VIRUS SEROTYPE 16 DETECTION IN NSW: In coastal New South Wales (NSW), bluetongue virus (BTV) serotypes 1 and 21 are endemic and transmitted in most years without evidence of disease. However, serotype 16 (BTV-16) infection was detected for the first time in NSW in November 2016 in cattle undergoing testing for export. Retrospective testing of blood samples collected from sentinel cattle as part of the National Arbovirus Monitoring Program (NAMP) established that the first detected transmission of BTV-16 in NSW occurred in April 2016 in sentinel cattle on the NSW North Coast. Subsequently, until 2022, BTV-16 has been transmitted in most years and was the predominant serotype in the 2018-2019 transmission season. The data available suggests that BTV-16 may have become endemic in NSW. EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES: During experimental infection studies with BTV-16, all sheep were febrile, with the peak of viremia occurring 6-10 days after inoculation. There was nasal and oral hyperaemia in most sheep with several animals developing a nasal discharge and nasal oedema. All sheep developed coronitis of varying severity, with most also developing haemorrhages along the coronary band. There was a high incidence of haemorrhage in the pulmonary artery, epicardial petechiae, extensive pericardial haemorrhages and moderate body cavity effusions including pericardial effusions. CONCLUSION: Overall, experimental pathogenicity findings suggest moderate disease may occur in sheep in the field. These findings, when combined with climatic variability that could result in an expansion of the range of Culicoides brevitarsis into major sheep-producing areas of the state, suggest that there is an increasing risk of bluetongue disease in NSW.

Item Type:Article
Corporate Creators:Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Queensland
Business groups:Biosecurity Queensland
Keywords:Culicoides National Arbovirus Monitoring Program bluetongue disease bluetongue virus cattle pathogenicity sheep
Subjects:Animal culture > Sheep
Veterinary medicine > Veterinary virology
Veterinary medicine > Diseases of special classes of animals > Sheep and goats
Live Archive:04 Oct 2023 02:56
Last Modified:29 Feb 2024 02:35

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