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Inoculum source of Phytophthora palmivora, jackfruit seedlings health in response to potting media porosity, sanitation, inoculation and phosphonate application

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Salamat, E. E., Borines, L. M., Virrey, E. C., de la Peňa, W. R., Israel, V. and Diczbalis, Y. (2021) Inoculum source of Phytophthora palmivora, jackfruit seedlings health in response to potting media porosity, sanitation, inoculation and phosphonate application. Journal of Applied Horticulture, 23 (2). pp. 130-135.

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Article Link: https://doi.org/10.37855/jah.2021.v23i02.25

Abstract

Seedling dieback caused by Phytophthora palmivora (Butler) is a significant problem in jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.) nurseries in Eastern Visayas, Philippines. It has been linked to insufficient knowledge of inoculum sources and possible factors contributing to seedlings’ health. This study was conducted to identify potential sources of Phytophthora inoculum in representative nurseries in Eastern Visayas and evaluate the effect of possible factors that contribute to seedling health. Phytophthora detection was conducted from random samples of potting media, irrigation water, germination beds, and roots of seedlings from representative nurseries supplying seedlings in the region. Detection was done through tissue baiting and the use of a Phytophthora-specific diagnostic kit. The effect of the air-filled porosity (AFP) of potting media, sanitation, pathogen inoculation, and phosphonate on plant growth and seedlings’ health was evaluated. Phytophthora propagules were positively detected in most samples, suggesting that seedlings most likely already harbor the pathogen when distributed to farms in the region. Among the factors, AFP of the potting medium had the most profound effect on seedlings’ growth and health. The tallest plants with the largest stem diameter, highest dry weight biomass, and least disease rating were grown in the most porous medium (21 % AFP) consisting of 20 % garden soil, 20 % carbonized rice hull, 20 % rice hull, 20 % coco coir dust, 10 % sand, and 10 % chicken dung. The benefit of a highly porous medium was, however, seen only when external fertilization was undertaken. Unsterilized media resulted in healthier seedlings compared to sterilized media. Sterilized potting media that were inoculated with the pathogen after sterilization resulted in more severe disease. Sterilized potting media was beneficial for jackfruit seedlings when supplied with adequate nutrients and as long as contamination with the pathogen does not occur. Sterile media, therefore, should be kept away from recontamination with the pathogen otherwise more severe disease may occur. The addition of the plant defense regulator phosphonate showed no effect on the growth and health of seedlings under the trial’s conditions. © 2021 Society for Advancement of Horticulture. All rights reserved.

Item Type:Article
Business groups:Horticulture and Forestry Science
Keywords:inoculation jackfruit phosphonate Phytophthora porosity sanitation seedling dieback
Subjects:Agriculture > Agriculture (General) > Soils. Soil science > Soil and crops. Soil-plant relationships. Soil productivity
Plant culture > Seeds. Seed technology
Plant culture > Propagation
Plant culture > Fruit and fruit culture
Plant pests and diseases
Live Archive:12 Jun 2022 23:47
Last Modified:12 Jun 2022 23:47

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