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Resistance in wild macadamia germplasm to Phytophthora cinnamomi and P. multivora

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Jeff-Ego, O. S., Topp, B., Drenth, A., Henderson, J. and Akinsanmi, O. A. (2021) Resistance in wild macadamia germplasm to Phytophthora cinnamomi and P. multivora. Annals of Applied Biology, 178 (3). pp. 519-526. ISSN 0003-4746

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Article Link: https://doi.org/10.1111/aab.12668

Publisher URL: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/aab.12668

Abstract

The four Macadamia species (M. integrifolia, M. tetraphylla, M. ternifolia and M. jansenii) occur naturally in the wild in fragmented habitats in Australia and there is limited information on their vulnerability to pathogens including species of the genus Phytophthora. Macadamias in commercial orchards are affected by P. cinnamomi and P. multivora causing stem canker and root rot. Wild germplasm is often regarded as sources of resistance in macadamia breeding program. We assessed the performance of 152 trees of wild macadamia genotypes in the field using a Phytophthora disease severity rating scale and used in vivo leaf assay to examine their susceptibility to P. cinnamomi and P. multivora. Macadamia ternifolia trees showed the highest Phytophthora disease severity compared with the other species. In the in vivo trial, there were significant variations in disease severity among the genotypes within each Macadamia species. Comparison of the mean leaf lesion area of the Macadamia spp. showed that M. tetraphylla and M. jansenii were the most resistant to P. cinnamomi, whereas, M. ternifolia and M. jansenii followed by M. tetraphylla had the least disease severity to P. multivora. The quantitative variations among the genotypes with strong differential effects resulted in demarcation of the wild genotypes into three resistance groups. Overall, a total of 14 M. tetraphylla and two M. integrifolia genotypes were identified as resistant to both P. cinnamomi and P. multivora in the in vivo assay. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

Item Type:Article
Business groups:Biosecurity Queensland
Keywords:aggressiveness Arboretum breeding tree nut varietal susceptibility wild germplasm
Subjects:Plant culture > Tree crops
Plant culture > Food crops
Plant culture > Fruit and fruit culture > Nuts
Plant pests and diseases
Plant pests and diseases > Plant pathology
Live Archive:05 Jan 2021 01:47
Last Modified:03 Sep 2021 16:46

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