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Adsorbents for the Sequestration of the Pimelea Toxin, Simplexin

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Gordon, R. J., Hungerford, N. L., Laycock, B., Ouwerkerk, D. and Fletcher, M. T. (2019) Adsorbents for the Sequestration of the Pimelea Toxin, Simplexin. Proceedings, 36 (1). p. 90. ISSN 2504-3900

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Article Link: https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2019036090

Publisher URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/36/1/90

Abstract

Pimelea poisoning affects cattle grazing arid rangelands of Australia, has no known remedy and significant outbreaks can cost the industry $50 million per annum. Poisoning is attributable to consumption of native Pimelea plants containing the toxin simplexin. Charcoal, bentonite and other adsorbents are currently used by the livestock industry to mitigate the effects of mycotoxins. The efficacy of such adsorbents to mitigate Pimelea poisoning warrants investigation. Through a series of in vitro experiments, different adsorbents were evaluated for their effectiveness to bind simplexin using a simple single concentration, dispersive adsorbent rapid screening method. Initial experiments were conducted in a rumen fluid based medium, with increasing quantities of each adsorbent: sodium bentonite (Trufeed®, Sibelco Australia), biochar (Nutralick®Australia) and Elitox® (Impextraco, Belgium). Data showed the unbound concentration of simplexin decreased with increasing quantities of each adsorbent tested. Sodium bentonite performed best, removing ~95% simplexin at 12 mg/mL. A second experiment using a single amount of adsorbent included two additional adsorbents: calcium bentonite (Bentonite Resources, Australia) and a synthetic adsorbent (Waters, USA). The concentration of simplexin remaining in the solution after 1 h, the amount able to be desorbed off the adsorbent-toxin matrix with replacement fresh fluid, and the amount remaining bound to the adsorbent were measured. All samples containing an adsorbent were statistically different compared to the blank (p < 0.05), indicating some binding activity. Future work will explore the binding mechanisms and behaviour of the toxin-adsorbent complex in the lower gastrointestinal tract.

Item Type:Article
Business groups:Animal Science
Keywords:Pimelea poisoning; adsorbents; in vitro; toxin sequestration
Subjects:Animal culture > Cattle
Veterinary medicine > Veterinary toxicology
Animal culture > Rangelands. Range management. Grazing
Animal culture > Feeds and feeding. Animal nutrition
Live Archive:28 Jul 2020 06:38
Last Modified:03 Sep 2021 16:45

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