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Phosphine resistance in India is characterised by a dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase variant that is otherwise unobserved in eukaryotes

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Kaur, R., Subbarayalu, M., Jagadeesan, R., Daglish, G. J., Nayak, M. K., Naik, H.R., Ramasamy, S., Subramanian, C., Ebert, P. R. and Schlipalius, D. I. (2015) Phosphine resistance in India is characterised by a dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase variant that is otherwise unobserved in eukaryotes. Heredity, 115 (3). pp. 188-194. ISSN 0018-067X

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Article Link: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/hdy.2015.24

Abstract

Phosphine (PH3) fumigation is the primary method worldwide for controlling insect pests of stored commodities. Over-reliance on phosphine, however, has led to the emergence of strong resistance. Detailed genetic studies previously identified two loci, rph1 and rph2, that interact synergistically to create a strong resistance phenotype. We compared the genetics of phosphine resistance in strains of Rhyzopertha dominica and Tribolium castaneum from India and Australia, countries having similar pest species but widely differing in pest management practices. Sequencing analysis of the rph2 locus, dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase (dld), identified two structurally equivalent variants, Proline49>Serine (P49S) in one R. dominica strain and P45S in three strains of T. castaneum from India. These variants of the DLD protein likely affect FAD cofactor interaction with the enzyme. A survey of insects from storage facilities across southern India revealed that the P45/49S variant is distributed throughout the region at very high frequencies, in up to 94% of R. dominica and 97% of T. castaneum in the state of Tamil Nadu. The abundance of the P45/49S variant in insect populations contrasted sharply with the evolutionary record in which the variant was absent from eukaryotic DLD sequences. This suggests that the variant is unlikely to provide a strong selective advantage in the absence of phosphine fumigation.

Item Type:Article
Business groups:Crop and Food Science
Additional Information:Supplementary information available for this article at http://www.nature.com/hdy/journal/v115/n3/suppinfo/hdy201524s1.html
Subjects:Science > Entomology
Science > Botany > Genetics
Science > Zoology > Invertebrates > Insects
Plant pests and diseases
Live Archive:09 Feb 2016 02:14
Last Modified:12 Jan 2024 04:38

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