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Competition of sorghum cultivars and densities with Japanese millet (Echinochloa esculenta).

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Wu, H.W., Walker, S.R., Osten, V.A. and Robinson, G. (2010) Competition of sorghum cultivars and densities with Japanese millet (Echinochloa esculenta). Weed biol. Manag., 10 (3). pp. 185-193.

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Article Link: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1445-6664.2010.00383.x

Publisher URL: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com

Abstract

Field studies were conducted at two locations in southern Queensland, Australia during the 2003-2004 and 2004-2005 growing seasons to determine the differential competitiveness of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) cultivars and crop densities against weeds and the sorghum yield loss due to weeds. Weed competition was investigated by growing sorghum in the presence or absence of a model grass weed, Japanese millet (Echinochloa esculenta). The correlation analyses showed that the early growth traits (height, shoot biomass, and daily growth rate of the shoot biomass) of sorghum adversely affected the height, biomass, and seed production of millet, as measured at maturity. "MR Goldrush" and "Bonus MR" were the most competitive cultivars, resulting in reduced weed biomass, weed density, and weed seed production. The density of sorghum also had a significant effect on the crop's ability to compete with millet. When compared to the density of 4.5 plants per m2, sorghum that was planted at 7.5 plants per m2 suppressed the density, biomass, and seed production of millet by 22%, 27% and 38%, respectively. Millet caused a significant yield loss in comparison with the weed-free plots. The combined weed-suppressive effects of the competitive cultivars, such as MR Goldrush, and high crop densities minimized the yield losses from the weeds. These results indicate that sorghum competition against grass weeds can be improved by choosing competitive cultivars and by using a high crop density of > 7.5 plants per m2. These non-chemical options should be included in an integrated weed management program for better weed management, particularly where the control options are limited by the evolution of herbicide resistance.

Item Type:Article
Corporate Creators:Department of Employment, Economic Development and Innovation (DEEDI), Agri-Science, Crop and Food Science, DPI
Business groups:Crop and Food Science
Additional Information:© 2010 The Authors. © Weed Science Society of Japan.
Keywords:Crop density; cultivar; grass weeds; integrated weed management; sorghum competition, New South Wales; grain-sorghum; population density; wheat varieties; Lolium rigidum; management; yield; weeds; Australia.
Subjects:Plant pests and diseases > Individual or types of plants or trees > Sorghum
Plant pests and diseases > Weeds, parasitic plants etc
Live Archive:07 Dec 2010 07:36
Last Modified:03 Sep 2021 16:43

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